Hindu dharma

Over a period of time, I had refelcted upon my religion and spirituality, and that has been a very enlightening journey. There were times, when I considered that religion is cause of all problems, and also periods where I thought that religion stands in way of progress and modernity. But I had moved on from those times.

I have realised that my religion doesnt stand in way of progress, rather complement it. I do think to be a progressive liberal person, you dont have to be an atheist or agnostic, though it is fashionable. I have always wondered why ‘educated’ hindu people spoke degradingly about their own religion, or refused to defend it when attacked. Most of the time it pointed me towards the fact that there is a lack of awareness and clarity of their own religion in their mind.

It has been great journey in rediscovering my religion, to have friends who set me into thinking, gave good criticisms and helped me along the journey. Sanotsh also had been of quite good help in understanding my religion better. Further to his entry on religion, he has wrote more about hindu dharma and its spirituality with clarity.

One of my friends told me an interesting story, when I was in school. It was about the pearl oysters. Pearl oysters are creatures that live in sea beds and river bottoms. He said that they would come up, take in a drop of water, and go down to the sea bed. Now the little drop is processed within its shells for years together and after a series of metamorphosis, the drop gets transformed into the precious gemstone which we call the pearl.

There is a beautiful philosophy contained in this little piece of fiction. Each great teaching of the upanishads,the Bhagawat Gita and the other sacred verses is like that tiny little drop of water. They are unharvested pearls, perhaps. When a layman receives them, it remains the same drop till his end, he never grows beyond this level.

Noble souls receive them, carry the same in their hearts, nurture them in their thoughts, words, and deeds, until at last, their life becomes a manifestation of the ideal they behold. The small little drop of water has now turned into a pearl within them. The world has now something to receive from them.

We have all heard the principles of “detachment” in the Gita and the teachings of the upanishads like “Sathyam Vadha, Dharmam Chara, Mathru Devo bhava, Pithru Devo Bhava, Acharya Devo Bhava, Adhiti Devo Bhava, ithyupanishadu”. “Sathyam Vadha” this sweet little verse , so simple and straight in its form, and still so profound in its meaning and potency. Itis from Thaithireeya upanishad. I many times wonder, how the sages, who have many a time composed complicated poetic constructions at various contexts, become extremely simple and straight in their language when they wish to impart invaluable instructions to humanity.

Now as a disciple learns this little verse, at first it sinks into him in its seedular form(tatwam). As he begins to practice this, his mind becomes more disciplined. He realizes that he would utter truth alone, every time he speaks. Odds shall come in life, many times, mind may be challenged, tempted, forced, to utter a lie, but still, he overcomes them with steady determination and steadfastedness of his mind. (Fa-hein has recorded the life of early brahmins who would refuse to say a lie, even if that would mean that their lives were at stake).

The light of his ideal receives a newer glow within him, that is the reward he receives for these acts of perseverence. Slowly even the very thoughts that come to his mind will be the essence of pure truth. The perspective with which he sees his own ideal, acquires newer dimensions. As his principle sinks inward, from the conscious to the subconscious realms of mind, even the most dormant impressions, feelings, attitudes and passions too will contain truth and nothing but pure grains of truth.

“As You think, so you speak, As You speak, so you act, and your thoughts come from the depths of truth that dwells deep with in you” – this is his state now. Nature herself will oblige such a person, it is said, what ever is uttered by him, may be inadvertently, is also bound to come true. Truth is now not just a word, Life itself has become truth.

As he walks further, the mind moves more towards the subtler realms of truth of life, and it begins to experience more, the joy of the higher truths, the truth that holds the universe, the bliss of eternity, the oneness of the absolute truth. His life is now that of perennial joy, unaffected by the ups and downs of the worldly events, he is like a loose bubble on the surface of a lake, free from the joys and sorrows of the ephemeral, his mind ever remaining in the eternal bliss of the truth of existence.

This is a state of paramahamsa, the one who has realized the ultimate truth of life, the one who sees the same truth in everything existant and nonexistant, the one for whom the heavenly water of ganges and the water that runs through the drainage canal would mean one and the same. Yes, he would drink both with the same perennial joy, the one who would eat sumptously or goes days together without food, one who would sleep alike with the dogs in the street or in the palace of a prince-He is a paramahamsa- the highest state of bliss in spiritual evolvement. This is the state of ‘kevalananda” (the non-relativistic or the absolute joy).

This is a state, after achieving which there is nothing to achieve. Bhagavatam says that the acts of a paramahamsa and that of a beggar would look alike. However, the former is a prince,much beyond a comparison for the princes of all worlds over all the times. At its pinnacle, the seeker merges, becomes one with the principle sought and this is liberation.

And this is that great process of evolution. This is the essence of divinity, by which that one ‘single drop of water’ has now become the absolute pearl. This is the glory of ‘abhyasa’, the power of perseverence. This is the meaning of the verse “uthishttatha Jaagratha, prapyavaraan nibhodhatha” (Arise, Awake, and rest not till the goal is achieved). The drop is immaterial. One would choose the one that one likes, but the ultimate goal remains the one supreme bliss of eternity.

When Buddha used to walk through the forests, even the wild animals used to remain calm – it is said. Buddha had become an embodiment of pure love. He was pure love in his wholesome. This is the secret of yoga. Meerabhai, the great devotee of Krishna is a striking example of bhakti yoga. Bhagawatham gives details of so many great souls who merged with the Lord by bhakti yoga.

Naradha bhakti sutra is the authoritative text on Bhakthi yoga.In the Bhagavat Gita, Krishna says Arjuna, that of all the yogas,Bhakthi yoga is the sweetest, simplest and fastest. The ancient rishis, has given us so many methods of taming the mind and directing the same towards God. Mind, intellect and body are the instruments in our pursuit of God realisation. Mind in its nature is extremely fickle. Krishna has said that it is an extremely difficult task to tame the mind, it verily acts as the one supreme enemy in the pursuit of self realization, yet once properly channelised will become our best companion in our spiritual quest.

When a disciple first develops a love for god, it is the beginning. It is the seed, it is that ‘tiny drop of water’. The more he thinks on god, the more the concept sinks into him. Some may turn philosophical, some may become analytical, some may turn intuitive, and yet all, by exersicing some facuty of mind, try to approach more towards the one abstraction of God, the one pointer that would transcend all the faculties of mind.

Sree Ramakrishna who sat before the idol of Kaali in the Kaali temple in Dakshineswar, illustrates to us, the power of Bhakti yoga. As a devotee sits infront of an idol, his mind focusses on the form infront. This invokes in him the concept of his god. Noble feelings of Love, and bhakthi springs from within and fills his mind. A feeling of serinity and peace is felt in his mind. The presence of god is felt around and mind enjoys that joy of tranquillity and bliss. This is the first foundation stone that is laid in his mind in his path of bhakthi yoga.

As he continues this practice, his eyes continue to focuss on the forms, the hand does the puja, and lips continue to repeat the holy names of the Lord, mind develops more and more love and devotion towards his god. In these Later stages, even the very mention of the idol would trigger off nobler emotions and tranquillity in his mind.

Mind is cleansed by the continued generation of nobler thoughts that survive over the baser selfish instincts dormant in the dark corners of the subconscious mind. The repetition of names of God could bring in the mind continued rememberence of god as mind always adheres to the form the words produce. And the rememberence of the form, would kindle higher levels of thoughts and feelings and bring the same from its depths to its surface. Thus the mind is purified and becomes fertile for God-realisation. This is the secret of japa yoga.

This is similar to pouring water continuosly into an old inkpot. At first stains of ink that will come out along with water will be more. As we continue pouring water, more and more clear water will flow out of the ink pot and finally what comes out will be completely clear water. The japas & the namasankeerthans, penetrate into the subconscious, expell the darkness and fill the same with the light of serinity and spiritual bliss.

As one proceeds further, he would see his idol in his mind in the form of bright light. It is more than the solid form. This is in the form of ‘thej’ or aura. Slowly, he would experience this form in its essence, filling every nook and corner of the space. He can also experience this ‘ thej’ associated with the meaning of everything he sees and hears in this universe.

At some stage, diversities of the different forms of god could disturb a devotee, but soon he attains the stage where every concept, every form of god would appeal to him in essence as his personal form of god alone. This stage too would go and, finally every form, every word, every sacred verse, all would trigger the same god intoxication to his mind. Mind goes beyond the diversities of the forms and names and identifies the tranquillity beneath all these as God.

I can remember the moments I have stood before Sabarimala Ayyappa, sastha temple at perumbavoor, Guruvayoor temple, Chottanikkara and the various Siva temples. This is Where all the different systems of Yoga, unite into one. Eyes worship the “sthoolaswaroopa”(the gross physical form), mind perceives the “Thejaswaroppa”(the aura form), the intellect surrenders before the “jnanaswaroppa” and in the depths of Your self, Your heart “experience” the bliss of the “sachidaananda swaroopa”, the one beyond forms and names.All this are in perfect harmony and occur in that very single moment,in unison as a devotee stands before his diety, with feelings of devotion.

I do remember my mind flooding with emotion as I read the bhagawatham and other puranas, the story of jesus christ, his compassion towards the mariya the prostitute can even now, as i write this, fill my heart with emotions, and eyes with tears. At the core of the heart, the divinity of the feelings, the essence of the tranquillity, remains the same behind all the myriad forms and names that describe it. And verily, I declare, no true devotee can find a distinction between two forms of god.and too, no one is a devotee who cannot appreciate another form of god, or another aspect, another label of god as equally true.

These are not to be told just as words, da. This should come from the very core of a man, as the only possible natural way. And this is true, it surely comes and it can only be that way. Else you should discover that there is something wrong in your spiritual practice. As he proceeds further, intensity of love and passion gets higher and higher, one sees nothing else but God, worldly attachment disappears slowly. A devotee is jubiliant, at the very mention, very thought of God, his mind flies towards his realm every now and then. He sees everything as God, hears everything as God, speaks, thinks, feels and perceives everything as God.

Even the distinction between form and formlessness do not disturb him. Mind conceives form and formlessness as two aspects of one and the same abstraction, that is beyond. The Mind goes to the core layer of conceptive faculty, from where even the form and formlessness mean one and the same, generates one and the same feeling of joy.

In the story of Gajendramoksha, it is the Nirguna Bhrahma that is worshipped by the Gajendra. Mahavishnu came, The Rishi says, to the rescue of his devotee. Our Rishis had reached this stage where they saw form and formlessness as one and the same. This is the higher state of mind a devotee attains. At its climax, he surrenders his ego fully unto God. He surrenders every thought, every emotion, every feeling, above all, his own self unto the Lord. He is beyond all concepts of god, all appears one and the same to him, which is nothing but pure experience of perennial joy. He has crossed the stages of sameepya, saroopya… and attains sayoojya. He is the jeevan muktha the one who has attained liberation in this very life.

This is the climax of bhakthi Yoga, a sweet journey of transformation to the final gem from the initial ‘little drop’. Infact this is the climax of every yoga. Krishna speaks of mainly six different systems of Yoga. One may practice one or more of the different yogas, like the bhakthi yoga, jnana yoga, karmayoga and the like, perfect them in their lives till they attain liberation.

Sree Ramakrishna was the great saint who practised all these yogas and realised its perfection in this very life. He was the Great Guru who taught the world the oneness of all the different systems of yogas. Mirabhai is the striking example of bhakthiyoga. Mahathma Gandhi patronised the anasakthiyoga.
They were all great Gurus, of man kind. Infact that is the very meaning of guru-sishya relation in india. The word Guru means the ‘destroyer of darkness’ (Gu sabhdha means darkness, Ru sabhdha means destroyer).

He alone is a Guru, who has first practiced and perfected in his life, what he preached. They are infact true alchemists. Harischandra could produce a Gandhi, Buddha could produce an Asoka. Ramakrishna produced swamy vivekananda, Krishna could produce a brave Arjuna at the battle field. The Bhagavat Gita remains the eternal teaching to mankind.

And above all is what The Jagat Guru Sankaracharya has said about Dakshina moorthy, the Lord facing south

“chitram vadatharormoole vridha sishya Guror yuva
Gurosthu mounam vyakhyanam sishyasthu chinna samsayah”

A description further than this is beyond the realms of man.

Rama

In search of historical king raama.

“Ram was and is for real. He was born on January 10, 5114 BC,” Saroj Bala, IRS, Commisioner of Income Tax says, calmly, with the assurance of one who has tangible facts.

Read the rest here.

From Rigveda – Naasadeeya Sookta

At first was neither Being nor Nonbeing.
There was not air nor yet sky beyond.
What was wrapping? Where? In whose protection?
Was Water there, unfathomable deep?

There was no death then, nor yet deathlessness;
of night or day there was not any sign.
The One breathed without breath by its own impulse.
Other than that was nothing at all.

Darkness was there, all wrapped around by darkness,
and all was Water indiscriminate, Then
that which was hidden by Void, that One, emerging,
stirring, through power of Ardor, came to be.

In the beginning Love arose,
which was primal germ cell of mind.
The Seers, searching in their hearts with wisdom,
discovered the connection of Being in Nonbeing.

A crosswise line cut Being from Nonbeing.
What was described above it, what below?
Bearers of seed there were and mighty forces,
thrust from below and forward move above.

Who really knows? Who can presume to tell it?
Whence was it born? Whence issued this creation?
Even the Gods came after its emergence.
Then who can tell from whence it came to be?

That out of which creation has arisen,
whether it held it firm or it did not,
He who surveys it in the highest heaven,
He surely knows – or maybe He does not!

-Translation by Prof. Raimundo Panikkar (Ref. 3, pp 58)
Prof. Raimundo Panikkar, “The Vedic Experience- Mantra-manjari” Pub. by Motilal Banarasidas

got from here. The full devanagiri script and translation can be found here

Spam Karma

I dindnt believe when one of my friends told me that he was unable to post comment on this site. I thought that it might be one off case, as Spam Karma is working fine protecting against any dubious comments. But, I also got comments saying, that their comment was getting eaten up, I started doubting Spam Karma. It was today, when one of my friends was online and trying to post comments that I realised, the Spam Karma might be overdoing things just a bit or maybe I have not setup the things the way I should have.

While I do still think, spam karma is a really good tool, in the league of mt-blacklist, I think I will disable it for some time, just to see what all I missed. For the moment, I have used the renaming option mentioned here to fight spam.

Luckily, I was able to salvage a comment by sandeep, which was marked as spam by Spam Karma (?). But now back to blogging and let me see, how much I get spammed. Keep your comments coming now, the Spam Karma had some bad karma.

Poetry

I am not a fan of poetry, as I am of elegant prose. Maybe one of the reasons is that I dont understand poetry and it just flies miles above my head, effecting no change in my brain neuron structure. Even the famous, “and miles to go before I sleep” poetry was just a common thing for me. The thing about that poetry by Robert frost is that, since it was part of school curriculum, we were asked to write meaning of that poetry.

Well, to me it sounded like that Robert Frost just came up with this poetry, with no special meaning attached to it. For me it was like, he was going somewhere, looked at the forest, and he had to go, and he thought up a poem to say that. Well, now that wouldnt have scored me much marks, so I went all the way detailing, how in life, we dont have time to stop as we all have promises to keep. That male “cow dung” I put down on the exam paper, got me some marks indeed.

Maybe I also am not moved by poetry that much, because I too can come up with “standard” poems. I can create poetry, and that too rhyming. This is not just restricted to english, but I can make them in hindi too. For example, I was chatting with my wife today and we were discussing doha’s by some bhakti movement poets and also some koans. She said she had a doha written in a piece of paper in her purse, and warned me of the grave consequence, if I took any money from her purse, and I came up with this poem…

kaajal ko kyon chahiye aur kaalimaa
aur ambar ko kyon aur neelima
sooraj ko kyon chahiye aur laalimaaa
aur mujhe kyon tera paisa, meri ammaaa

Ok, maybe that was an awful poem, but you need to give me points for rhyming. But then again I can work on it and bring it upto the standard poetic level. Then the critics can write a lot of things about it and attach several meanings to it.

But then on the other hand there are some poems, not many of them, but which bowls me over. Thanks to Dakshin hindi prachaar sabha, I had an early exposure to Kabir das, sur das and other bhakti-movement poets. And their poetry were just leagues apart. For example Kabir das says,

Jaise til mein tael hai, Jyon chakmak mein aag
Tera saayee tujh mein hai, Tu jaag sakey to jaag

Soor das is not much behind the quality in dohas,

“Maati kahe kumhaar se, tu kyon rondhe mohey.
Ek din aisa aayega, mein rondhoongi tohey.”

After digging thorough the purse of my better half, I found some money (its mine, my dear) and this doha, again I believe from Kabir das…

Dheere dheere rey manah, dheere sub kuch hoye
Maali seenche sau ghara, ritu aaye phal hoye

Beautiful indeed.

Religion

And Santosh continues…

It is all about how man tried to perceive the universe. It is more about his quest about his own roots, the origin, cause and purpose of his own existence, the final destination and the ultimate goal (if such a thing exists) of this very thing called life.

This quest, a direct resultant of man’s curiosity and intellectual thirst has persisted in him right from the time civilization was born. Thus as he was learning to make wheel, he was also laying down the fundamental principles of philosophy. This is where, da praveen, I am seeing the first grains of what is called Religion- A term, as I see it, unalloyed, free from the dust and debris, the modern definition of the term carries with it- here let us see Man’s genuine quest for the ultimate truth of being.

Thus happened, in Indus valley, where the oldest civilization sprang up, made social set up, way of life, transformed through ages, made temples, buildings, pottery and wheel, developed mathematics, science, arts and medicine whereas reflecting underneath of all these were strong currents of his inward quest. (we dont have to discuss the historical validity of the Aryan invasion theory. As such these labels and their historical chronology are immaterial. Here let us just see man as man, for it was the development of human race. Man in the absolute sense has no claims to make regarding his original abode).

A research into the life and thoughts of earlier Indian society will reveal a lot of facts. First and foremost is the Freedom of thought that existed in its absolute sense .The very motto of the Rig Veda – one of the earliest and majestic hymns produced in the Vedic age is, “Let come noble thoughts from any direction what so ever”!!

Several schools of thoughts existed at that time. Contemplation, argumentation and discussions were tools of establishing the principles. Every fact and every new theory was put to test, experimentation and reasoning. Even the process of thinking and reasoning has been researched upon and systems of yoga and meditation were developed.

Sanscrit language with all its grammatical superiority & structural strength was a great contribution of this age. This became the medium of sankhyam, tharkam, meemamsa – all these well-structured and scientific tools of logic and reasoning and logistics towards the ultimate human goal. All these thoughts and deductions were put to experimentation and the ardent followers had come up with their results followed by detailed analysis and validations.

Any development in sciences will always lay down newer and newer building bricks in the social construction. The Vedas as divided into four systems by sage Vyasa and those became the constitution of the civilization that henceforth florished in this land. The concept of God was strongly argued for and against, and the Upanishads came up. Yes, The Upanishads… The greatest work of human intelligence and the most brilliant pieces of logical thoughts. It was an all-time triumph of humanity in the field of philosophy and in his search for truth.

The puranas later developed, the three wonderful epics in this era are the Ramayana, Mahabharata and Bhagavata. Dramas in sanscrit and prakrit brought these down to the masses. The concept of bhakti and dharma-artha-kama-and-moksha got established through these works with strong philosophical backing. The concept of values in life, higher meaning of life, the principles like “mata pitha guru daivam…” and “janani janma bhoomishcha…” all reached the common man in the form of living embodiments.

Common man ‘saw’ God, philosophers discussed God, Vedantis pursued God and the ones like Buddha perceived God… All were free… to go the way they like. And they did go. Their experiences did make their marks in the building bricks of the society. Some or most in the form of cults. Yet the wheels did run and the pursuit went on and on.

Down the masses many-where, values were getting degenerated. This always happens in the society. Many practices became mere rituals and distorted concepts crept in when arrogance and base instincts in man took the upper hand. The caste atrocities as such are the best examples. Yet there was a force… a force in the works of the ancient Man that bound them together into a common civilization which, seen in total is simply glorious.

And this life… it is this life of freedom, honest and sincere pursuit towards truth, the readiness to put one’s own thoughts to test before facts, readiness to accept the new, on being convinced, and the strength to pursue what you are convinced about, against all odds, this life of strength. This is, for me, the essence of religion. This is my religion. This is the one that existed in India and remains still eternal. They call it Hindu religion. The word could remain or not, it is just a label. Still, if you choose it, by name, then this what I have described above is my definition of Hinduism.

Da, here each man lives his own religion. He thinks. He experiments, he proceeds. Religion for one lies in ones own instincts… in one’s own heart. When he surrenders this to the one self who he considers the higher self, The Guru, who shall instruct him further, he becomes the sishya. Some walk their own way, still they walk, and that is the point. That is the strength. That is religion.

This force is natural. It is there in every man. It knows no geographic or cultural boundaries. In fact it is an act of going beyond boundaries. And this force, this is the only common bond in all these pursuits. And this goes by definition of the term… Religion. Eda… that is it. The very word religion can be given only this one meaning. And thus it exists in its core in every man, and is beyond all labels. And it is this force that comes out as religion of every man.

Thus in truth Religion is universally one, da. This is the concept of secularism. And this is the concept of religion too. Both are exactly one and the same. Though both are in today’s language misnomers.

The Modern India

I recently had a chat with my childhood friend Santosh, who was shaken a bit by recent Indian politics and media. Particularly the threat to Hinduism and the pressing need of its resurrection. I do have my thoughts on it, but I wanted to hear from him what he thought and asked him to email his ideas in installments. I got the first part as below.

Da, Remember the day Sonia Gandhi got elected as the prime minister, which she ‘politely’ declined ‘upholding the principles of renunciation’. (as media hastily put it as if to uphold her Indianness). Whether sonia has become more Indian from that day or not one thing became clear to me, that the media has certainly become less Indian. The fourth estate is now like a fast food parlour. There is no much time for an analytical assessment of events and in that haste to proclaim sonia as Indian in thought and deed, what was lost to us was our own understanding of Indian thought and way of living.

Renunciation, in India has been highest spiritual virtue that stood as a synonym for detachment and adherence to the code of dharma. As Lord Krishna has put it “for the sake of a village forsake a house, for the house of a country forsake a village, … and for the sake of self denounce the entire universe”. This practice of living for a higher ideal denouncing all that is less has been prevalent in India. An India wherein Shankara , Buddha all were born who renounced the princely status to pursue something higher. So were Sita, Gandhari, Damayanti, Anasuya… all who lived the life of renunciation for a cause. Rama abdicated the throne to keep the word of his father.

Now comes the Question, has there been any hero or heroine in Indian epics who abdicated the throne and just kept quiet saying it has been an act of high renunciation? Those of you who have read the charvaka samhita will better understand KrishnaтАЩs message to yudhishtira. It is a sin to abdicate the throne, which has come to you by dharma. This is what has happened when the democratically elected prime minister refuses to rule the country. it is whimsical to call it renunciation. And, if her own reasons like тАЬmy children fear that what happened to my husband may happen to me” (oops that thought came a little just before the coronation moment… eh?) are considered. More than a concern about renunciation, a genuine concern that arises is the concern about the spine of Indian administration.

What if Vajpayee after having been elected the prime minister had said, “meri maa kahati hai. ki meim PM nahi banoom” and resigned? Could we afford a “dhoodh pine wali PM” for our country? And above all the philosophical question that arises here is тАЬcan Indian citizens be taken for a ride?тАЭ. When they elect you democratically and you say тАЬmeri gharwale log mana kar rahe heim” and decline the post? Hmm, perhaps there was a Vyasa who would call it dharmachyuti, but then the media bhavatita has already declared it renunciation. And this is ‘modern India’. The India is no more, and in”modern India” truly sonia is very much Indian.

Though I disagree that Sonia was “democratically” elected leader, I agree that India is more becoming a country which bends more backwards that remain straight and the media also playing an irresponsible role. In addition to that India now has an added burden of a “secular” government, who have got no direction to head to, other than supposedly carry on ruling “ram bharose”.

To top it, the democracy in India does not make any sense at all. When peoples who dont have a clue about their own rights and what governance is, vote in majority, I dont think democracy works. I have spoken with several people including relatives, some who criticise the government and wont go out to cast their vote. “Sab chor hai”, they say. I somehow have to restrain myself from yelling at them and just has to comment, “phir bhugto”. Democracy sure has a long way to go in India.

What the ancients did for us

Yesterday I missed the program “what the ancients did for us” in BBC2. I have watched some previous episoded and missed some too. But the special thing about yesterdays programme was that, it focused on India. I came to know that today only, and I was told what all I missed, to add to my anguish.

Couple of weeks back they had covered the contributions of the chinese culture. From gun powder to the first siesmograph, i have to admit made with great ingenuity in those times. And the kites, fireworks, paper, resin and football too. It was great and I remember that I wondered if they will make the same on India too.

They had, and I missed it. But after some search I found that the BBC made the documentary isn association with open2.net, the open university of UK. Their site contained the details of what I had missed in the program. The one hour program yesterday highlighted Indian contribution to the world. This included yoga, chess, cotton, metallurgy, complementary medicine, city planning, pioneering plastic surgery and cataract operatiosn and not to forget the contributions in mathematics and astronomy including the shoonya. Just the fact that I didnt watch the program didnt prevent me from bragging about it at the work ЁЯЩВ

Read the synopsis of the documentary here.